There are two main sources of air pollution Vehicle and stationary pollutants. Automobiles, trucks, rikshaws, aricraft and other vehicles run by internal combustion engines are responsible for releasing harmful pollutions like carbon monoxide, hydrocarbons, nitrogen oxides and lead into the atmosphere. Stationary sources of air pollution include industrial plants, power stations, construction projects and solid wastes. These sources release harmful pollutants like sulphur dioxide, nitrogen oxides and particulates ( dust, ash, soot, metals and various chemicals ) into the atmosphere.
Air pollution is the subject of grave concern because it has a direct impact on human health. It can causes eye, nose and throat irritation, and lung infections, asthma, bronchitis, tuberculosis and even cancer. In general, urban and industrial centers are reported to have a higher level of air pollution than rural areas, In Pakistan, this is particularly true of large cities which also serve as industrial centers, like karachi, Hyderabad, Lahore, Faisalabad, Gujranwala, Sialkot, Rawllpindi, Peshawar, and Quetta.
Of these, Karachi has he largest number of industrial units and registered vehicles in Pakistan. The number of registered vehicles is rising annually at an alarming rate. The result, of course, is an increase in air pollution. The emissions level between 1969 and 1983 has increased by five times. M.A. Jinnah Road and Saddar are the most affected areas of the city, owing to traffic congestion, traffic signals and the tunnel effect produced by multistoreyed buildings. It is worth nothing that fast moving vehicles cause less pollution than slow moving ones. Air pollution is greater in the winter than in the summer because the higher wind velocity spreads vehicle emissions.
Surveys carried out in Karachi show that in area of heavy traffic, the air contains carbon dioxide, fumes and particulate matter beyond permissible levels. The leaves of trees along M.A.Jinnah Road are no longer green, and Quaid-e-Azam's Mausoleum and mereweather Tower have both been damaged by pollution.
Air pollution is the subject of grave concern because it has a direct impact on human health. It can causes eye, nose and throat irritation, and lung infections, asthma, bronchitis, tuberculosis and even cancer. In general, urban and industrial centers are reported to have a higher level of air pollution than rural areas, In Pakistan, this is particularly true of large cities which also serve as industrial centers, like karachi, Hyderabad, Lahore, Faisalabad, Gujranwala, Sialkot, Rawllpindi, Peshawar, and Quetta.
Of these, Karachi has he largest number of industrial units and registered vehicles in Pakistan. The number of registered vehicles is rising annually at an alarming rate. The result, of course, is an increase in air pollution. The emissions level between 1969 and 1983 has increased by five times. M.A. Jinnah Road and Saddar are the most affected areas of the city, owing to traffic congestion, traffic signals and the tunnel effect produced by multistoreyed buildings. It is worth nothing that fast moving vehicles cause less pollution than slow moving ones. Air pollution is greater in the winter than in the summer because the higher wind velocity spreads vehicle emissions.
Surveys carried out in Karachi show that in area of heavy traffic, the air contains carbon dioxide, fumes and particulate matter beyond permissible levels. The leaves of trees along M.A.Jinnah Road are no longer green, and Quaid-e-Azam's Mausoleum and mereweather Tower have both been damaged by pollution.
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